Njengoba izimpahla zelanga zidlula iminyaka engu-25–30, ukuqina kwekhebula sekube yisici esiyinhloko{2}}sokusebenza kwesistimu yesikhathi eside kanye nokuzinza kwezindleko ze-O&M. IntshaIzinto zekhebula le-PV,okuthuthukisiwe ukumelana nokuguga kanye namazinga okunikeza izitifiketi aqinile manje avumela ama-EPC nabanikazi bempahla ukuba banciphise izinga lokuhluleka, bathuthukise isikhathi sokugcina sesistimu futhi bavikele i-LCOE. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ukuthi{1}}isizukulwane esilandelayo samakhebula e-solar photovoltaic akuletha kanjani ukuqina kwenkundla okuphakeme{2}}nokuthi yini abathengi okufanele bayiqinisekise ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Yini eyenza ikhebuli ye-PV "iqine" kuphrojekthi yelanga yelanga engu-25–30+?
Ukuqina kwezintambo ze-PV kusho ukumelana nezingcindezi eziyinhloko ezisebenza kukho konke ukuphila kwempahla yelanga: ukukhanya kwe-UV, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu/eliphansi, umswakama/ukufingqa, ukuchayeka kwe-ozone namakhemikhali, ukuhuzuka komshini nokudlidliza, kanye nengcindezi yesixhumi/i-oxidation. Amakhebuli e-PV ahlala isikhathi eside asebenzisa i-UV-izinhlanganisela eziqinile,{2}}ezihlanganisiwe{2}}zokwahlukanisa (isb, ukwakheka kwe-XLPE okudizayinelwe ukumelana nokukhanya kwelanga), ama-halogen-amashethi amahhala lapho edingeka, namakhondaktha ethusi enzelwe ukumelana nokugqwala (ngokuvamile afakwa amathini ukuze avikeleke okwengeziwe). Umhlangano we-PV-amazinga athile nawo abalulekile-ukuqina kuqala ngezinto ezifanele kanye nokwakhiwa okujwayelekile{9}}okuthobelayo.
Yiziphi izindinganiso nezivivinyo okufanele amaqembu okuthenga agcizelele kuzo?
Idinga amakhebuli agunyazwe ku-PV-amazinga athile aphesheya nawesifunda:
I-IEC 62930- Ukucaciswa kwekhebula lomhlaba jikelele le-PV DC ukufika ku-1.5 kV, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kokuguga nokumelana nokukhanya kwelanga.
I-UL4703- izimfuneko zokuphepha kwentambo ye-photovoltaic nokusebenza, okuhlanganisa ukukhanya kwelanga nezinga lokushisa.
Cela imibiko yokuhlola ebonisa: ukuguga okusheshisiwe kwe-UV/ukushisa/i-ozone, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo, ukuhlolwa kokucwiliswa emanzini/kwe-wicking, ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba kokuvutha kanye nokuhlola ukugqwala kwe-conductor. Kumasayithi esikali sokusetshenziswa aphinde abuyekeze ukuhambisana kwesixhumi nezinqubo zokuhlanganisa-ukwehluleka kwesixhumi kuyimodi yokuhluleka kwenkambu evelele.
Iyiphi i-conductor ne-insulation material eletha inani elingcono kakhulu-lesikhathi eside?
Abaqhubi:I-Copper Tinned balances conductivity, solderability and corrosion resistance, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisogwini noma eziswakeme lapho izingozi ze-oxidation ziphezulu. I-Tinning ithuthukisa impilo yonke futhi kunciphisa ukukhula kokumelana. Ikhebula eliphezulu
I-Insulation/sheath:cross-i-polyethylene exhunyiwe (XLPE) noma i-halogen eyenziwe ngokukhethekile{1}}inhlanganisela yamahhala ene-UV ezinzile futhi elinganiselwe ngezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza kwesistimu. Lezi zinto zigcina ukusebenza kwe-dielectric ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okushisayo nokukhanya kwelanga.
Ithiphu yokuthenga: cacisa i-conductor stranding, iphesenti lethini (uma lisetshenziswa), kanye negama lohwebo elihlanganisiwe - azamukeli izimangalo ezingacacile "ezimelana ne-UV" ngaphandle kwedatha yelebhu.
Ukukhetha kwamakhebula kukuthinta kanjani ukuthembeka, i-O&M ne-LCOE?
Ukwehluleka kwekhebula nesixhumi kunciphisa ukuphuma kwentambo nokukhushulwaO&M kanye nezindleko zokushintsha. Ucwaningo lwakamuva lwe-NREL lulinganisela isixhumi nokuwohloka kwekhebula njengesihlanganisi esibalulekile ekwenyukeni kwezindleko zokusebenza kanye nokutholakala okuphansi-kwempilo yesixhumi/ikhebula kufanele kube yingxenye yokumodela okunokwethenjelwa kanye nesabelomali{2}}sesikhathi eside se-O&M. Ukutshala imali kumakhebuli e-PV aqinisekisiwe, enkambu{4}eqinisekisiwe ngokuvamile kunciphisa ukungenelela okungahleliwe kanye nomthelela wezindleko ze-lifecycle (LCOE). Kuzinhlelo ezinkulu, ngisho nokuthuthukiswa kokwethembeka okuncane kungashintsha i-O&M yonyaka ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwehluleka kwenkundla okufanele abathengi bakhathazeke ngazo (nokuthi bangazinciphisa kanjani)?
Amamodi enkambu ejwayelekile:
I-oxidation yesixhumi / ukukhwelana okungaphelele → ukuphelelwa amandla, ukushisisa kwendawo. Ukunciphisa: sebenzisa isixhumi/amasistimu ekhebula afanayo,{1}}ukuhlanganiswa okulawulwayo, namadizayini okuvala afakazelwe.
Ukuqhekeka kwejakhethi ngenxa yebhayisikili elishisayo noma ukukhetha okuhlanganisiwe okungalungile → ukungena komswakama. Ukunciphisa: kudinga umjikelezo oshisayo kanye nemibiko yokuhlolwa kokucwiliswa kwamanzi-.
Ukugqwala kwekhondatha ezindaweni ezisogwini noma ezingcolile. Ukunciphisa: cacisa ithusi elifakwe ethini kanye nokuhlolwa kokugqwala.
Ukuzijwayeza kokusebenza: kufaka phakathi i-periodic thermography kanye nokuhlola okuhlosiwe kwe-megger/dielectric ezinhlelweni ze-O&M zokubamba amajoyinti/amakhebuli awehlisayo ngaphambi kokuthi kuvalwe{0}}ukwehla kwentambo.
Yimiphi imininingwane yokuthenga kanye nemibhalo yokuhlola okufanele ibe ku-oda lokuthenga?
Faka (uhlu lokuhlola isampula):
Ukuthobela okujwayelekile: I-IEC 62930 kanye/noma i-UL 4703 eshiwo esitifiketini.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwefekthri: ukumelana ne-conductor,{0}}i-voltage ephezulu ye-dielectric, nokuqhubeka.
Ukuguga okusheshisiwe nemibiko yokuhlolwa kwe-UV enamasampula omazisi nezinsuku zokuhlolwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu yenkampani yangaphandle-noma i-QA ezimele (eyakhethwayo).
Ukulandeleka kwenqwaba kanye nezinombolo ze-serial zama-ID ahambayo.
Iwaranti yomkhiqizi (ubude nokukhava kokusebenza nokwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi).
Ukunikezwa{0}}kwesikhathi eside nokuqinisekisa{1}}okuholayo (okubalulekile kusiteji esikhulu se-EPC).
Abathengi kufanele babahlaziye kanjani abahlinzeki - ngaphezu kwenani leyunithi?
Ukubonisa ngale kobuchwepheshe:ukuzimisela ukwabelana ngemibiko yokuhlola egcwele (i-UV, umjikelezo oshisayo, i-ozone, ukuvutha).
Ukuqinisekiswa-kwenkampani yangaphandle:ukuhlolwa kwelebhu ezimele noma ubufakazi benhlangano yezitifiketi.
Amasistimu wekhwalithi:I-ISO 9001, ukulandeleka kokukhiqiza, kanye ne-QA yezinto ezingavuthiwe ezingenayo.
Irekhodi lesizinda lezinkomba kanye nezinkomba:cela amaphrojekthi akamuva anezithenjwa ze-EPC/O&M namazinga okuhluleka.
Izinto kanye nokupakishwa:I-UV-iphakheji evikelekile, ama-ID acacile kanye nokulandeleka kwenqwaba.
Ukusimama/ukuphela-kokwesekwa{1}}kwempilo:buyisela-emuva, iziqondiso zokugaywa kabusha noma ukuphathwa komkhiqizo (okuhambisana ne-DOE/industry end-ye{2}}yezinhlelo zokuphila)
Yiziphi izinto ezintsha ezisafufusa okufanele zibukwe (futhi zizokushintsha kanjani ukuthengwa kwempahla)?
Izingxenye-ze-DC ezimaphakathi namakhebuli anesilinganiso esiphezulu:amaphrojekthi ocwaningo/okuhlola (isb., i-Fraunhofer ISE 'SeVen' nezinye izinhlelo ezifanayo) andisa ukumbozwa kokuhlolwa kwezingxenye zesistimu kagesi ophezulu - lokhu kuthinta idizayini yekhebula, ukuhlolwa nokuthengwa kwamaphrojekthi{3}}ensiza ye-gen elandelayo.
Amakhemikhali e-polymer athuthukisiwe:I-UV ende kanye nokuzinza kwe-thermal, i-halogen{{0}inhlanganisela yamahhala ye-halogen ephansi{1}}ephansi yezigaba ezithile zesayithi.
I-QA yedijithali nokulandeleka:I-QR/ID+batch exhuma emibikweni yokuhlola (yenza ukucwaninga kwenkambu kanye{1}}nezimangalo zomjikelezo wempilo ziqinisekiswe).
Amasistimu ahlanganisiwe wesixhumi/ikhebula:ukubhanqa okuqinisekisiwe nokuhlanganisa uxhumano oluvaliwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukungafani kwenkundla{0}}umsebenzi we-NREL ubonisa ukuthi izixhumi zingamaphuzu aphezulu{1}}okwethenjelwa komthelela, ngakho-ke izixazululo ezihlanganisiwe zibalulekile.
Ungawahlonza Kanjani Amakhebuli E-Solar Photovoltaic Adala-Ukuqina Kwesikhathi
Amaphrojekthi?
I-Jshcable Innovative Solar Photovoltaic Cables Yesikhathi Eside-umkhiqizi Wokuqina Kwesikhathi futhi anezitifiketi ezivela emizimbeni eyaziwa umhlaba wonke njenge-ISO, UL, ne-IEC. Intengo yekhebula yelanga edayisa yonke impahla, We OEM & ODM Service. Nikeza izingcaphuno zokuthekelisa.Xhumana nathi
Bheka futhi
Kungani Amakhebuli eSolar Photovoltaic Abalulekile Ekusebenzeni Okuphezulu-Amaphaneli eSolar
https://www.jshcable.com/news/why-solar-photovoltaic-amakhebuli-abalulekile-abalulekile{7}}ku-85345129.html
Izintambo Ze-Solar Photovoltaic: Izingxenye Ezibalulekile Kuzo Zonke Ukufakwa Kwelanga
https://www.jshcable.com/news/solar-photovoltaic-amakhebuli-abalulekile-component-85345239.html
Ungayikhetha Kanjani Ikhebula Lamandla Elilungile Lohlelo Lwakho Lwamandla Elanga
https://www.jshcable.com/news/how-ukukhetha-ukukhetha-ikhebula-kwesokudla-lamandla-ikhebula-ye-ikhebula{10}}s-85345345.html
Yini eyenza umhlinzeki wekhebula ophezulu we-Solar Photovoltaic avelele
https://www.jshcable.com/news/what-wenza--phezulu-solar-photovoltaic-ikhebula-supp-85345881.html
Izithenjwa
I-IEC 62930:2017 - Ukucaciswa kwezintambo ze-Photovoltaic (PV) DC. I-IEC Webstore
UL 4703 - Izidingo ze-Photovoltaic Wire (isifinyezo samazinga we-UL). Amazinga we-UL
I-NREL / DOE ibika ngokuthembeka kwesixhumi/ikhebula kanye nomthelela wezindleko zesistimu (imibiko ye-FY24–FY25). I-NREL Amadokhumenti
I-Fraunhofer ISE - ukulingiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo nengqalasizinda yokuhlola ukuqina kwangaphandle; amaphrojekthi ekuhlolweni kwengxenye. I-Fraunhofer ISE
UMnyango Wezamandla wase-US - I-PV End-ye-yeHlelo Lokusebenza Kwempilo (umjikelezo wokuphila/ukuphela-kokucatshangelwa{6}}kwempilo). UMnyango Wezamandla's Energy.gov
Amanothi obuchwepheshe bomkhakha wezinzuzo zethusi ezithayiwe zamakhondatha e-PV. Ikhebula eliphezulu