Izintambo ze-Downhole zisebenza kwezinye izindawo zezimboni ezinokhahlo, lapho ukwehluleka kungaholela ekunciphiseni isikhathi esibizayo kanye nezingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe{1}}ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwesikhathi eside, abakhiqizi bezintambo ze-downhole basebenzisa isayensi yezinto ezithuthukisiwe, izimiso zokuhlola eziqinile, namasistimu okulawula ikhwalithi aqinile ahambisana namazinga omhlaba. Lesi sihloko sichaza indlela abakhiqizi abaklama ngayo, bahlola, futhi baqinisekise ngayo izintambo ze-downhole{3}}nokuthi yini abathengi okufanele bayihlole ukuze bakhethe umhlinzeki onokwethenjelwa ngokuzethemba.
Yiziphi izinto zokwakha kanye nemiklamo eyenza izintambo ze-downhole ziqine ngokwemvelo?
Abakhiqizi bakhetha ukugqwala-amakhondaktha angavimbeli kanye nezikhali (ama-alloys angagqwali, i-nickel-ama-alloys),{2}}ukufakwa okuphakeme kokusebenza ({3}}ama-polyethylene axhumene,{3}}ama-elastomer akhethekile) kanye nezinsimbi zokulwa ezigqinsiwe ukumelana nemithwalo eqinile, ukuhuzuka nokuhlasela kwamakhemikhali. Imiklamo ivamise ukulandela ukuqondiswa kwe-subsea/umbilical (ukukhethwa kwezinto, izilinganiso zokucindezela) ezisetshenziswa ochungechungeni lwe-ISO 13628 lwamakhebula ama-umbilicals namakhebuli angaphansi kolwandle - okuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswayo kanye nejiyomethri zikhethelwa izimo eziqondiwe ze-downhole.
Abakhiqizi baqinisekisa kanjani ukufakelwa kanye nobuqotho bukagesi ngaphambi kokulethwa?
Ubuqotho be-insulation kuqinisekiswa ngezivivinyo zikagesi ezijwayelekile ezifana nokuhlola i-dielectric-withstand (hipot), i-partial discharge (PD) nezilinganiso zokumelana nokushisa. Ukuhlolwa kokumelana kwe-Hipot/dielectric kukhomba ukufakwa kwe-marginal; Ukuhlolwa kwe-PD kuthola i-voids noma okufakiwe okungakhula ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Lokhu kuhlola kuvamise ukwenziwa kumhlahlandlela wokuhlola we-IEC/IEEE wamandla namakhebuli akhethekile.
Yiziphi izivivinyo zemishini nezemvelo ezifakazela ukuthi ikhebuli izosinda emthonjeni?
Abakhiqizi benza izivivinyo eziqinile nezinwebekayo, ukuhlola ukugoba nokuguquguquka kwemijikelezo, ukuhlola kokuchotshozwa nokuhuzuka, izinga lokushisa-lokuhamba ngamabhayisikili, ukucindezela kwe-hydrostatic kanye nokuhlolwa kokucwiliswa kwamakhemikhali. Ezingxenyeni ze-subsea/umbilical, ukuhlola kulandela isiqondiso se-ISO 13628 sokuqinisekisa umklamo (ingcindezi, imithwalo yemishini). Ukulandelelwa kokubalulekile kanye nemibandela yokwamukela irekhodwa kokuthi Inspection and Test Plans (ITP).
Amasistimu ekhwalithi nokulandeleka kuyinciphisa kanjani ingozi yokwehluleka?
Ikhebula le-JSH ukuphathwa (i-ISO 9001, ama-ITP abhaliwe), ukuhlolwa kwempahla engenayo, ukulandeleka kwenqwaba,{1}}amarekhodi okuhlolwa angacekeleki phansi kanye nokulandelelwa kwezinto eziningi kunciphisa uchungechunge lokunikezela kanye nezingozi zokukhiqiza. Abakhiqizi abaphezulu bagcina ama-FMEA abhaliwe (Imodi Yokwehluleka Nokuhlaziywa Kwemiphumela) futhi balawule izinhlelo zezinyathelo zenqubo ebalulekile. Ubufakazi bokucwaningwa kwamabhuku kwasefekthri kanye{4}}nokunikezwa isitifiketi okuvela eceleni kukhulisa ukuzethemba.
Abakhiqizi bakuhlola kanjani futhi bakuqinisekise kanjani-ukwethembeka kwesikhathi eside (ukuguga okusheshisiwe)?
Izimiso zokuguga ezisheshisiwe zihlanganisa ukuchayeka okuphakeme kwezinga lokushisa/umswakama, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili elishisayo kanye nokuchema kukagesi ukuze kulingise-iminyaka eminingi yokuphila kwenkambu. Imiphumela ihlaziywa yokuhlukaniswa kwe-insulation, ukugqwala kwe-conductor, izinguquko zobukhulu kanye nokwenyuka kwe-PD. Uhlobo-lokuhlola nokuguga kwesampula kunikeza ukuzethemba kwezibalo ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kokukhiqiza okugcwele. Amazinga okulawula/emboni kanye nezinqubo zeziqu zangaphakathi zichaza imingcele yokwamukela.
Iyiphi indima-edlalwa amalebhu nezindinganiso zenkampani yangaphandle?
Amalebhu okuhlola azimele,-ukuhlolwa kwenkampani yangaphandle kanye nokuhambisana nezindinganiso (ISO 13628 ye-subsea/umbilicals, i-IEC/IEEE yokuhlolwa kukagesi, i-ASTM yezinto) inikeza ukuqinisekiswa okuhlosiwe. Ukuhlola{4}}komuntu wesithathu -nokuhlola okujwayelekile kuwubufakazi obuqinile bokuthi ukusebenza komkhiqizo kuhlangabezana nemibandela eyamukelwayo yomkhakha.
Yini okufanele ukuthengwa kwempahla kufake ezincazelweni zokuthenga ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokwethembeka?
Ukucaciswa kokuthenga okuqinile (PO/Spec) kufanele kufake:
Imininingwane enemininingwane yezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nezidingo ze-MDS (amamaki e-alloy/insulation).
I-matrix yokuhlola yohlobo nejwayelo (i-hipot voltage & ubude besikhathi, imingcele ye-PD, ukushuba, ukugoba, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi).
Inspection & Test Plan (ITP) enamaphuzu ofakazi kanye nemibandela yokwamukela.
Ukulandeleka (izinombolo zenqwaba, izinombolo zokushisa), izidingo zokupakisha nokuphatha.
Izidingo zokufaneleka (uhlobo-imibiko yokuhlola, imiphumela esheshisiwe yokuguga).
Okulindelwe kwesistimu yekhwalithi (izitifiketi ze-ISO, amalungelo okucwaninga).
Ukudalulwa kwe-AI/analytics (uma umphakeli esebenzisa amamodeli edatha) kanye nezibopho zokwabelana ngedatha ye-QC ngesicelo.
Ubahlonza Kanjani Abakhiqizi Bekhebula Le-Downhole Baqinisekisa Ukuphepha Nokuthembeka?
JshcableAbakhiqizi Bekhebula Le-Downhole Baqinisekisa Ukuphepha Nokuthembekaabakhiqizi futhi babe nezitifiketi ezivela ezinhlakeni eziqashelwa umhlaba wonke njenge-ISO, UL, ne-IEC. Intengo yekhebula yelanga edayisa yonke impahla, We OEM & ODM Service. Nikeza izingcaphuno zokuthekelisa.Xhumana nathi
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Ireferensies
I-ISO 13628-5:2009 - Ukuklama nokusebenza kwamasistimu okukhiqiza angaphansi kolwandle: I-Subsea umbilicals (izinto, umkhiqizi kanye nesiqondiso sokuhlola). ISO
Isiqondiso sokuhlola se-IEC kanye nengemuva lokuhlola i-hipot (izindlela zokuhlola ze-dielectric/hipot ezisetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bokwehlukanisa). Kusetshenzisiwe
Inothi lobuchwepheshe lomkhiqizi - I-Prysmian /{1}}enkulu-idizayini yekhebula ephansi ye-TEC enobubanzi obukhulu kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola (isibonelo sezinto ezibonakalayo/zokuhlola). I-Prysmian
Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwemboni: izinqubo zokulawula ikhwalithi ezisetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa ikhebula nabakhiqizi bezintambo. ama-aciwires